China's AI military commander substitutes for human military leaders in simulated war games hosted by the Joint Operations College of the National Defence University, amidst growing tensions with the US over the use of militarised AI in combat. The bots, the first of their kind, are completely automated, possess the perception and reasoning skills of human military leaders, and are learning at an exponential rate. They have also been programmed to illustrate the weaknesses of some of the country's most celebrated military leaders such as General Peng Dehuai, and General Lin Biao. 

The AI arms race between the two countries can be likened to the chicken and egg analogy, in that both countries have expressed interest in regulating the use of these unmanned implements on the battlefield; yet, there are increasing media coverage of either on-going experiments or caged prototypes in both countries. These include the rifle-toting robot dogs, and surveillance and attack drones, some of which reportedly have already been used in battlefields in Gaza and in the Ukraine. The situation renders international rule-making in the space increasingly difficult, particularly as other players, such as NATO seek to ramp up investments in tech-driven defence systems.