Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) Advocate General Szpunar delivered his opinion in Case C-470/21, focusing on personal data and countering copyright violations, stating that it should be permissible to retain and access civil identity data tied to IP addresses when it is the sole method for identifying internet-based copyright infringement culprits. The opinion centers on the specific context of France's graduated response mechanism, implemented by the Haute Autorit